soal toefl

1.       If she borrows your coat, then you should  be able to borrow her.

Answer: her

It should be hers because it is a possessive adjective describing the understood noun “coat”.

2.       Neither Tom or  Jane  is  going  to the beach today.

Answer: or

it should be nor, because neither is followed by nor

3.       Daniel said that if he had to do  homework tonight, he wouldn’t have been  able to attend  the concert.

Answer: tonight

It should be last night because it is conditional sentence type 3

PERCAKAPAN TAK LANGSUNG (REPORTED SPEECH)

These below are examples of reported speech or indirect speech from STORIES FOR READING COMPREHENSION 3 by LA Hill. UNIT 7, page 21.

1. Mary said to Helen that be careful on your way home, she would be happier if our houses had nearer.

2. Helen said to Mary that did you know what happened to her after she left you yesterday.

3. Mary said that what have happened to you.

4. Helen said that while she has been walking home along that quiet street near her house, a thief came up behind and pulled her necklace off her neck and ran away with it.

Reported speech refers to using a noun clause to report what someone has said. No quotation marks are used. Notice the changes in the verb forms from quoted speech to reported speech in the following example.

Quoted speech	Reported speech
He said, “I watch TV every day.”	He said (that) he watched TV every day.
She said, “she has watched TV.”	She said she had watched TV

When the reporting verb is simple present, present perfect, or future, the noun clause verb is not changed.

Quoted speech	Reported speech
She says, “I watch TV every day.”	She says she watches TV every day.
She has said, “I watch TV every day.”	She has said that she watches TV every day.
She will say, “I watch TV every day.”	She will say that she watches TV every day.

PERCAKAPAN LANGSUNG (QUOTED SPEECH)

Quoted speech refers to reproducing words exactly as they were originally spoken. Quotation marks (“…..”) are used.

QUOTING ONE SENTENCE

a.      She said, “My brother is a student.”

b.      “My brother is a student,” she said.

c.       “My brother,” she said, is a student.”

QUOTING MORE THAN ONE SENTENCE

d.      “My brother is a student. He is attending a university,” she said.

QUOTING A QUESTION OR AN EXCLAMATION

e.      She asked, “When will you be here?”

f.        “When will you be here?” she asked

g.      She said, “Watch out!”

Quoted speech is also called direct speech. Reported speech is also called indirect speech. In British English, quotation marks are called inverted commas.

SOURCE: UNDERSTANDING AND USING ENGLISH GRAMMAR BY BETTY S. AZAR

These below are examples of quoted speech or direct speech from STORIES FOR READING COMPREHENSION 3 by LA Hill. UNIT 7, page 21.

1.      “Be careful on your way home. I would be happier if our houses were nearer,” Mary said to Hellen.

2.      Helen said to Mary, “Do you know what happened to me after I left you yesterday evening?”

3.      “No, answered Mary anxiously, “What happened to you?” 

4.      Helen said, “While I was walking home along that quiet street near my house, a thief came up behind me and pulled my necklace off my neck and ran away with it.”

5.      “I wish I’d been there, Mary said angrily, “If I had been, I’d have run after the man and I’d probably have caught him. But what are you going to do now? Have you been to the police?”